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1.
Rev. mex. pediatr ; 62(6): 239-42, nov.-dic. 1995. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-164594

ABSTRACT

La teofilina es uno de los medicamentos más antiguos utilizados para tratamiento del asma. En este artículo se resumen las indicaciones para su utilización en asma, y se concluye que las principales indicaciones son para asma crónica, particularmente nocturna, aunque se puede utilizar en crisis asmáticas agudas refractarias al manejo inicial con beta agonistas y esteroides


Subject(s)
Child , Humans , Asthma/drug therapy , Theophylline/metabolism , Theophylline/pharmacology , Theophylline/pharmacokinetics , Rebound Effect , Status Asthmaticus/drug therapy
2.
Braz. j. med. biol. res ; 28(8): 875-9, Aug. 1995. ilus, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-156282

ABSTRACT

Most controlled studies in humans indicate that ranitidine does not alter theophylline metabolism, even at high doses. However, there have been several case reports published recently which demostrate the development of theophylline toxicity mostly in older patients receiving stable oral doses of this drug when ranitidine was administered simultaneously. We studied eleven elderly (mean age, 69,0 + or - 6.2 years) patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). During one week the patients took slow-release theophylline, 200 mg every 12 h, followed by one week intake of the same dose of theophylline plus ranitidine tables, 150 mg every 12h. At the end of each period, blood samples were obtained 0,1,2,3,4,6,7,8 and 12h after the morning dose for the determination of serum theophylline levels. the peak theophylline concentration was achieved after 4.1 + or - 0.9 h while the patients were taking theophylline, and after 2.9 + or - 1.4 h with the combined regimen. This difference was statistically significant. These results suggest that the reported increases in serum theophylline levels in older patients receiving theophylline and ranitidine cannot be ascribed to slower theophylline metabolism in the geriatric patient with COPD who is also given ranitidine.


Subject(s)
Humans , Middle Aged , Histamine H2 Antagonists/administration & dosage , Lung Diseases, Obstructive/metabolism , Ranitidine/administration & dosage , Theophylline/administration & dosage , Age Factors , Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid , Drug Interactions , Drug Therapy, Combination , Ranitidine/blood , Ranitidine/metabolism , Theophylline/blood , Theophylline/metabolism
3.
New Egyptian Journal of Medicine [The]. 1995; 13 (2): 233-241
in English | IMEMR | ID: emr-39000

ABSTRACT

The effects of enalapril administration in a dose of 5 mg/kg body weight on the metabolic abnormalities associated with theophylline acute intoxication and overmedication was studied in rats. The results showed that single dose administration of enalapril had provided a partial protection against acute theophylline-induced metabolic effect. A lesser changes were occurred in all measurable variables in the combined treatment group of animals. Repeated enalapril dosages were capable to prevent the development of such metabolic abnormalities. It seems that repeated enalapril administration could be beneficial in preventing the metabolic abnormalities associated with theophylline intoxication


Subject(s)
Theophylline/toxicity , Theophylline/metabolism
4.
Indian J Biochem Biophys ; 1993 Feb; 30(1): 21-5
Article in English | IMSEAR | ID: sea-28311

ABSTRACT

Delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (delta-9-THC) (1.6 x 10(-6) M-13.33 x 10(-6) M) and theophylline (11.0 x 10(-6) M-550.0 x 10(-6) M) both bind to bovine serum albumin (BSA) and the binding is linear with respect to concentration. Further, it is observed that delta-9-THC both at low (1.6 x 10(-6) M and 6.4 x 10(-6) M) and high (13.33 x 10(-6) M) concentrations inhibits the binding of theophylline to BSA; whereas theophylline (11.0 x 10(-6) M-550.0 x 10(-6) M) promotes the binding of delta-9-THC to BSA. Kinetic analysis (using Scatchard plots) shows that delta-9-THC (1.6-13.33 x 10(-6) M) reduces the high affinity binding constant (K1) and the number of low affinity binding sites (n2) of theophylline to BSA; while its low affinity binding constant (K2) increased without affecting the number of high affinity binding sites (n1) under identical conditions. Further, it is observed that at lower concentrations (1.6-6.4 x 10(-6) M) delta-9-THC exerts greater effect on the binding parameters of theophylline-BSA interactions as compared to the effect observed with its high concentration (13.33 x 10(-6) M). Theophylline (11.0-550.0 x 10(-6) M). on the other hand, increases the affinity of the binding of delta-9-THC to BSA without changing the number of its binding sites. These suggest that (a) delta-9-THC and theophylline bind at different sites of BSA molecules and (b) the two drugs interfere with each other in their individual binding with the molecular orientation of the BSA molecule.


Subject(s)
Animals , Binding Sites , Cattle , Kinetics , Protein Binding , Serum Albumin, Bovine/metabolism , Dronabinol/metabolism , Theophylline/metabolism
5.
Rev. méd. Chile ; 118(11): 1241-6, nov. 1990. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-96828

ABSTRACT

We evaluated pharmacokynetic parameters and bioavailability of 4 sustained release teophylline preparations. A crossover design was used in 12 healthy males aged 22 to 27 years old. each individual recived 250 mg iv followed by 250 mg orally of each preparation, and then 400mg rapid acting aminophylline. A 7 day period was allowed between drug courses. HPLC was used to determine plasma levels of teophylline at regular intervals up to 48 hr following drug administration. Significant (p < 0.05) differences in pharmacokynetic parameters were found among preparations, 2 of them having larger integrals of plasma levels and one of them different times to peak plasma level and peak plasma concentration, compared to both remaining preparations


Subject(s)
Theophylline/pharmacology , Theophylline/metabolism , Biological Availability
6.
Enfermedades respir. cir. torac ; 4(3): 166-71, jul.-sept. 1988. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-58800

ABSTRACT

La tofilina, una metilxantina, es un broncodilatador mayor para el tratamiento del asma bronquial. Su mecanismo de acción es desconocido. Sin embargo, se han determinado numerosas interacciones en diversos pasos metabólicos y celulares que pudieran tener relación con su efecto broncodilatador, como el antagonismo con los receptores de adenosina, su influencia en el metabolismo del calcio y su acción sobre las prostaglandinas. La terapia óptima con teofilina debe producir niveles sanguíneos de 10 a 20 ug/ml (que es su rango terapéutico), lo cual pernmite obtener el máximo efecto broncodilatador con las mínimas reacciones adversas. Las acciones farmacológicas de la teofilina sobre el sistema cardiovascular, el sistema nervioso central, el tubo digestivo, la musculatura lisa y estriada, así como sus efectos beneficiosos sobre el tracto respiratorio deben ser muy bien conocidos por el médico para que así pueda utilizar ésta droga con el mayor beneficio y con la menor cantidad posible de reacciones adversas


Subject(s)
Humans , Asthma/drug therapy , Theophylline , Airway Obstruction/drug therapy , Theophylline/adverse effects , Theophylline/metabolism , Theophylline/pharmacology , Theophylline/therapeutic use
8.
J. pneumol ; 14(1): 1-6, mar. 1988. tab, ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-57553

ABSTRACT

Em estudo duplo cego, aleatório, foi avaliado o comportamento de um preparado de teofilina de liberaçäo lenta (Teolong) administrado com dose oral única de 600 mg a voluntários normais. Foram estudadas: teofilina pela cromatologia líquida de alta eficiência (CLAE ou HPLC) antes e após intervalos variáveis da administraçäo da droga; tolerabilidade pelo questionário de efeitos colaterais e variáveis farmacocinéticas (constante de eliminaçäo - Kel; meia-vida beta - t1/2; volume de distribuiçäo - Vd; e clearance do organismo - CIB). Os resultados mostraram: ampla variaçäo interindividual da teofilinemia e na biodisponibilidade da droga. Todavia, a absorçäo do fármaco ocorreu de modo homogêneo, entre seis e oito horas, períodos de concentraçäo máxima, e sem, efeitos colaterais clínicos. Os autores lembram algumas condiçöes, como desnutriçäo, alcoolismo, etc., que poderiam influir na farmacocinética da droga e chamam a atençäo para a real necessidade da monitorizaçäo da teofilinemia durante o uso prolongado da droga


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Humans , Male , Female , Theophylline/pharmacology , Double-Blind Method , Theophylline/administration & dosage , Theophylline/metabolism
10.
Rev. Fund. José Maria Vargas ; 10(4): 105-9, dic. 1986. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-39506

ABSTRACT

A ocho niños con edades entre los 7 y 13 años se les administró teofilina bajo la forma de tabletas de liberación controlada (TEOBID)x100 mg, en dosis entre 10 y 15 mg/kg/día distribuida en dos tomas cada 12 horas, por cinco días consecutivos


Subject(s)
Child , Adolescent , Humans , Asthma/drug therapy , Theophylline/therapeutic use , Kinetics , Theophylline/metabolism
11.
Rev. Fund. José Maria Vargas ; 10(4): 110-7, dic. 1986. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-39509

ABSTRACT

Una nueva forma de teofilina de liberación controlada (Producto A tabletas x 200 mg) fue evaluada en tres pacientes asmáticos: En un ensayo preliminar a los pacientes se les administró un bolo I.V. de aminofilina para determinar aclaración renal y la vida media, luego se practicó un estudio cruzado en modelo abierto con una sola dosis del producto en comparación con tabletas convencionales. En una segunda etapa a los pacientes se les administró el producto de liberación controlada cada 12 horas por cinco días consecutivos para determinar si la formulación era capaz de alcanzar y mantener un estado estacionario con niveles terapéuticos. En una tercera etapa los pacientes recibieron cada 12 horas un producto de liberación controlada muy conocido y de venta en U.S.A durante siete días al cabo de los cuales se les cambió la medicación al producto de liberación controlada en estudio manteniendo la misma dosis e intervalo de dosificación para establecer bioequivalencia. Los resultados de este estudio demostraron la utilidad del producto para el logro de niveles sanguíneos seguros y efectivos con un régimen de cada 12 horas. También se demostró que el producto en estado estacionario es bioequivalente con el otro producto de liberación controlada


Subject(s)
Adult , Humans , Male , Female , Asthma/drug therapy , Theophylline/therapeutic use , Theophylline/metabolism
12.
Rev. Fund. José Maria Vargas ; 10(3): 82-9, sept. 1986. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-39496

ABSTRACT

En doce humanos adultos, sanos, con edades entre los 19 y 31 años se evaluó, en forma secuencial cruzada, el comportamiento farmacocinético de una nueva preparación de teofilina de liberación controlada (Teobid tabletas x 200 mg) en comparación con una tableta convencional y otra formulación de liberación controlada, todas de 20 mg de concentración


Subject(s)
Adult , Humans , Theophylline/metabolism
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